Mr Victor Shale is a Researcher at the Electoral Institute of Southern Africa (EISA). He holds an M.Phil. in Conflict Management from the University of Port Elizabeth, now the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa. He is doctoral candidate in the Political Science Department at the University of South Africa. He is a conflict management specialist skilled in negotiations and mediation approaches. He has researched and written on various issues on democracy, including diplomacy, conflict management and local government. He is the Coordinator for the EISA regional project on Strengthening Political Parties for Sustainable Democratic Consolidation and Good Governance in the SADC (Southern African Development Community) Region.